腹壁可触及肿物的核磁共振鉴别（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他病变.. Urachal Cyst 凹尿管肺部A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )凹尿管肺部见诸凹和膀胱二者之间，往往地所在位置凹尿管的下1/3 ，但也可见诸非常少地所在位置凹下。这些肺部可乏善可陈为完全无回声或低回声。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 绘出11A，凹尿管肺部，此肺部已受感染，核心含有微弱回声的固体。B，凹尿管肺部，紧绷的肺部前壁产生反射光伪影。

..Endometriosis输卵管乳腺甲状腺肿Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).结节输卵管乳腺甲状腺肿是输卵管出院的长期合并症，无特殊乏善可陈，但可于以前切除的瘢痕所在位置见一区域内肿物，并有周期功能性的疼痛和水肿。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 绘出12 ，剖宫产伤疤所在位置输卵管乳腺甲状腺肿

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 结节血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).腹直肌鞘血肿可发生于复发功能性咳嗽后、喷嚏或癫痫复发后，其根本原因往往是抗凝外科手术或出血功能性疾病。由于血肿受限制于腹直肌鞘内，往往不很大，其形状根据所所在位置位置而定，在弓状之中央线以上，血肿常为卵圆形，椭圆方形上下方向，可于一侧碰到（绘出13A）；在弓状之中央线以下，由于腹前头缺如，可扩展横过之中之中央线，因此血肿乏善可陈为分丝状，其最大长度地所在位置示意图上。在早产儿结节血肿可见诸凹上横向扩展（绘出13B、C）。术后高能量功能性肾脏内凝血的病人可于结节切除瘢痕附近碰到大的血肿（绘出13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 绘出13A，一之中年妇女无可避免咳嗽后腹直肌鞘血肿，箭头指示腹横筋膜。B，早产儿结节血肿。C，一早产儿凹微肾脏附着所在位置纸片的结节血肿。UV，凹微肾脏。D，一高能量功能性肾脏内凝血的剖宫产术后病人疤痕所在位置结节血肿。

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